This country report was prepared by the national authorities in the context of the preparatory process for the second Report on the State of the World's Phylogenetic Resources. It was made available by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) at the request of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture.

Indeed, international conventions, agreements and treaties have been signed, ratified and several national texts have been adopted with a view to the conservation, effective management and sustainable use of these resources. Several state or non-state structures, together with farmers, are involved in the implementation of actions/activities aimed at the management and sustainable use of phylogenetic resources for food and agriculture. These structures are engaged in collection and conservation activities, both in situ and ex situ, in characterizing, evaluating and documenting these resources. However, it is clear that these various actions did not make it possible to satisfactorily stem the phenomenon of genetic erosion in certain species, which still face real threats of extinction. In order to avoid the gradual disappearance, then forever, of our phylogenetic resources without having the time to know them, it is urgent that appropriate measures be taken. These measures concern in particular the effective application of the texts in force concerning the protection of biodiversity, the revitalization of the National Committee on Phylogenetic Resources to make it operational so that it effectively plays its role, the awareness and training of populations and political-administrative authorities on the importance of biological resources and the need for their conservation for present and future generations. RPGs are used in various forms and by different actors. They are used to feed populations, to cure diseases, to build habitats, etc. Researchers and breeders use them to develop efficient varieties, including seeds, the first input for farmers. Since farmers are involved in the process of creating varieties through the domestication of wild species and participatory varietal selection, the adoption of these varieties by farmers is easier. The production and distribution of seeds of these varieties follow a well-defined mechanism bringing together the public and private sectors as well as farmers' organizations. Given the crucial role of farmers and local communities in maintaining and maintaining traditional species, and their endogenous knowledge, the rights of these main conservation actors deserve to be recognized and defended at all levels.