Traditional treatment for Buruli ulcer (UB) in Benin is mainly plant-based. The ethnobotanical survey conducted among 17 traditional practitioners in the town of Ouinhi (department of Zou) identified 49 different plants used to treat this disease. Two of these plants have a high rate of use: Erythrophleum suaveolens (Guill. and Perr.) Brenan and Strophanthus hispidus DC. The phytochemical study of seventeen of these plants reveals the presence of large chemical groups whose numerous compounds have various properties, in particular anti-edematous, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiseptic, sedative, analgesic, sedative, analgesic, anesthetic, healing properties, which could be involved in the treatment of UB. Further research is needed to identify, isolate and purify the compounds of these chemical groups
present in plants and to study their relative place in the treatment of UB.