In this study, plant diversity refers to the diversity of cultivars, landraces, ecotypes, wild relatives and wild
plants, maintained in HGs. It excludes weedy species which are spontaneous vegetation, removed
by the owner as often as possible. Furthermore, by shaping plant diversity in HG, ecological conditions
[50], socio-economic factors, preferences of HG owners but also market opportunities [40, 41] control the structure
of the HGs in maintaining an assemblage of herbs, vines, shrubs and trees.