Since the publication of the Bruntland Report in 1987, the concept of “sustainable development” has come a long way. Despite its ambiguity, we are looking for tools to implement it. Because of its dependence on the natural environment and the importance of this market, ecotourism is attracting the attention of many researchers. However, there is no consensus on the meaning of the principles associated with it, in addition to being often confused with other forms of tourism. Practiced in protected areas that are sometimes far from major urban centers, the environmental, socio-cultural and economic impacts of ecotourism are not insignificant. Given the complexity inherent in this field, research would benefit from being structured around a stronger theoretical framework and by combining different types of data.This document is the result of work on the theme can ecotourism allow a better attitude to the conservation of natural resources?