With nearly 25% of its territory classified as reserves classified by the State, Benin is above the 10% internationally recommended (12% of the world's land and oceans) and should therefore be ranked among the best conservators of biological resources. The population surge has put pressure on the natural resources of Protected Areas in order to meet the vital needs of growing populations. Throughout the national territory, the use of natural resources is not very sustainable for most of the time. From 1995 to 2006, a significant regression of natural formations was observed to the detriment of anthropogenic formations. Shrub and treed savannas (30%) and open forests and wooded savannas (22%) are the ecosystems that have suffered the most degradation. As a result, poaching, the abusive exploitation of wood resources, the destruction of natural habitats through extensive agriculture and uncontrolled fire are the main threats to biodiversity and the conservation of elephants that compete with humans for space. Also, the various policies and strategies in the field of natural resource management that followed one another the day after the rankings to date did not produce the expected impacts. Benin has two official MIKE sites, namely the Pendjari Biosphere Reserve (RBP) and the W Transboundary Biosphere Reserve (RBTW) with a total area of approximately 1,250,000 ha. Both sites are located in the Sudano-Sahelian zone in the extreme north-west of the country.